Risk factors and prevalence of opportunistic infections in pregnant women with HIV attended at a public and university hospital in southern Brazil

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18310/2446-4813.2024v10n3.4572

Keywords:

HIV, Pregnant Women, Opportunistic Infections, Immune System

Abstract

This study aims to identify the frequency of opportunistic infections during the pregnancy of HIV-positive women as well as the possible risk factors involved. Methodology: a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 41 HIV-positive pregnant women treated at the high-risk prenatal outpatient clinic at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, between April and October, 2022. Data was obtained through patient interviews and their microbiological and immunologic test results within the electronic medical records at the hospital. Results: the sample was composed of 41 pregnant women, 30 of which (73.17%) presenting one or more opportunistic infections, with the most frequent caused by Gardnerella vaginalis (29.3%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (24.4%). Sixteen women (39.1%) presented a T CD4+ cell count ? 350 cells/mm3 and 10 women (24.4%) had a detectable viral load. Regarding the demographic and social profile, the majority of the patients were black (43.9%), with incomplete high school education (31.7%) and an average family income between 1 and 2 minimum wages (43.9%). Conclusion: the prevalence of HIV-positive pregnant women afflicted by one or more opportunistic infections was high (73.2%) and four out of ten women were immunosuppressed, with a T CD4+ cell count lower than 350 cells/mm3, which suggested a low adherence to ART. Also, socioeconomic factors such as education and income may contribute to the onset of opportunistic infections.

Author Biographies

Luisa Schiavenin, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

http://lattes.cnpq.br/9543271390188583

Fernanda Daros Stedile, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

http://lattes.cnpq.br/4600079724854147

Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

http://lattes.cnpq.br/3011308324416888

Diego Gnatta, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

 http://lattes.cnpq.br/9675962880496063

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Published

2024-09-26

How to Cite

Schiavenin, L., Daros Stedile, F., Meneghello Fuentefria, A., & Gnatta, D. . (2024). Risk factors and prevalence of opportunistic infections in pregnant women with HIV attended at a public and university hospital in southern Brazil. aúde m edes, 10(3), 4572. https://doi.org/10.18310/2446-4813.2024v10n3.4572

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Section

Artigos Originais